ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the population health for disease prevention and control in Shanghai Minhang District of Shanghai the data of mortality from 1993 to 2015 and communicable diseases from 2002 to 2015.Methods We adopted descriptive epidemiological method to analyze the trends of average life expectancy (ALE),specific death rate and causes of death cis-position from 1993 to 2015,and the incident rates of communicable diseases,incidence trends in Minhang District from 2002 to 2015.Results Overall,the ALE of population in Minhang District increased 11.80 years from 1993 to 2015 (from 71.78 years in 1993 to 83.58 years in 2015),including the ALE of male population increased 14.03 years (from 67.43 years in 1993 to 81.37 years in 2015) and the ALE of female population elevated 9.67 years (from 76.22 years in 1993 to 85.89 years in 2015).In 2015,Crude death rate (CDR) was 755.35/105,which was 21.45％ higher than in 1993 and 2.71％ higher than in 2014,respectively.In the same year,standardized mortality rate (SMR) was 196.07/105,which was 54.17％ lower than in 1993 and 0.51％ lower than in 2014.The top five leading causes of death were circulatory system diseases,tumors,respiratory diseases,endocrine and metabolic diseases,and injury and poisoning,which contributed 91.33％ of the population death.From 2002 to 2015,a total of 23 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Minhang District,including 62 845 cumulative cases and 152 cases died.The total reported incidence rate of communicable diseases sharply elevated by 291.98％ during 14 years (Z=10 943.83,P＜0.001),and it increased after standardized.The top five communicable diseases were hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD),scarlet fever,syphilis,tuberculosis and hepatitis B in 2015.Conclusions Over the years,Minhang District of Shanghai comprehensive implemented "health in all policies" by integrating the resources of all levels of regional healthcare institutions.The ALE of the residents was at a high level.The control and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases and major communicable diseases will continue to be the priority of public health.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the changes of varicella outbreak in Minhang District before and after practicing "the varicella emergency vaccination implementation program (2013-2014 trial version),Shanghai",and to evaluate the effects of live attenuated vaccine against varicella.Methods We used cross-sectional investigation to collect monitoring data of vaticella outbreak recorded in "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".The observation periods before and after the implementation of the program were during 2012-01-01 to 2013-06-30 and during 2013-07-01 to 2014-12-31.Results Before the implementation of the program,14 cases of varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District.All cases were up to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 82 days,the average duration continued was 50.86 days (912/14),the average cumulative generation was 2.42 generations (50.86/21),the total number of people was 159,the total incidence rate was 1.26％ (159/12 625),the class incidence rate was 9.09％ (159/1 750),the average number of people was 11.36 (159/14),the average number of class was 3.21 (45/14).After the implementation of the program,169 cases of the varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District,only 22 cases rose to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 66 days,the average duration continued was 41.32 days (909/22),the average cumulative generation was 1.97 generations (41.32/21),the total number of people was 200,the total incidence rate was 1.10％ (200/18 200),the class incidence rate was 8.38％ (200/2 387),the average number of people was 9.09 (200/22),the average number of class was 2.50 (55/22);Although the varicella epidemic in the total outbreaks had significantly increased in Minhang District before and after emergency implementation,but the varicella outbreak in the varicella epidemic significantly decreased,the total incidence rate,the class incidence rate,the longest duration,the average duration,the average cumulative generation,the average number of people and the average number of class had decreased in varying degrees.There is statistical difference between the average duration before and after the implementation (x2 =4.06,P＜0.05).Conclusions Emergency vaccination of varicella vaccine in high risk population can effectively control the spread of epidemic situation and reduce the possibility of secondary transmission.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the population health for disease prevention and control in Shanghai Minhang District of Shanghai the data of mortality from 1993 to 2015 and communicable diseases from 2002 to 2015.Methods We adopted descriptive epidemiological method to analyze the trends of average life expectancy (ALE),specific death rate and causes of death cis-position from 1993 to 2015,and the incident rates of communicable diseases,incidence trends in Minhang District from 2002 to 2015.Results Overall,the ALE of population in Minhang District increased 11.80 years from 1993 to 2015 (from 71.78 years in 1993 to 83.58 years in 2015),including the ALE of male population increased 14.03 years (from 67.43 years in 1993 to 81.37 years in 2015) and the ALE of female population elevated 9.67 years (from 76.22 years in 1993 to 85.89 years in 2015).In 2015,Crude death rate (CDR) was 755.35/105,which was 21.45％ higher than in 1993 and 2.71％ higher than in 2014,respectively.In the same year,standardized mortality rate (SMR) was 196.07/105,which was 54.17％ lower than in 1993 and 0.51％ lower than in 2014.The top five leading causes of death were circulatory system diseases,tumors,respiratory diseases,endocrine and metabolic diseases,and injury and poisoning,which contributed 91.33％ of the population death.From 2002 to 2015,a total of 23 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Minhang District,including 62 845 cumulative cases and 152 cases died.The total reported incidence rate of communicable diseases sharply elevated by 291.98％ during 14 years (Z=10 943.83,P＜0.001),and it increased after standardized.The top five communicable diseases were hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD),scarlet fever,syphilis,tuberculosis and hepatitis B in 2015.Conclusions Over the years,Minhang District of Shanghai comprehensive implemented "health in all policies" by integrating the resources of all levels of regional healthcare institutions.The ALE of the residents was at a high level.The control and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases and major communicable diseases will continue to be the priority of public health.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the changes of varicella outbreak in Minhang District before and after practicing "the varicella emergency vaccination implementation program (2013-2014 trial version),Shanghai",and to evaluate the effects of live attenuated vaccine against varicella.Methods We used cross-sectional investigation to collect monitoring data of vaticella outbreak recorded in "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".The observation periods before and after the implementation of the program were during 2012-01-01 to 2013-06-30 and during 2013-07-01 to 2014-12-31.Results Before the implementation of the program,14 cases of varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District.All cases were up to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 82 days,the average duration continued was 50.86 days (912/14),the average cumulative generation was 2.42 generations (50.86/21),the total number of people was 159,the total incidence rate was 1.26％ (159/12 625),the class incidence rate was 9.09％ (159/1 750),the average number of people was 11.36 (159/14),the average number of class was 3.21 (45/14).After the implementation of the program,169 cases of the varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District,only 22 cases rose to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 66 days,the average duration continued was 41.32 days (909/22),the average cumulative generation was 1.97 generations (41.32/21),the total number of people was 200,the total incidence rate was 1.10％ (200/18 200),the class incidence rate was 8.38％ (200/2 387),the average number of people was 9.09 (200/22),the average number of class was 2.50 (55/22);Although the varicella epidemic in the total outbreaks had significantly increased in Minhang District before and after emergency implementation,but the varicella outbreak in the varicella epidemic significantly decreased,the total incidence rate,the class incidence rate,the longest duration,the average duration,the average cumulative generation,the average number of people and the average number of class had decreased in varying degrees.There is statistical difference between the average duration before and after the implementation (x2 =4.06,P＜0.05).Conclusions Emergency vaccination of varicella vaccine in high risk population can effectively control the spread of epidemic situation and reduce the possibility of secondary transmission.